书城外语课外英语-古诗精选(双语版)
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第6章 七言古诗(1)

陈子昂

陈子昂(661~702),字伯玉,梓州射洪(今四川射洪县)人。自幼具有豪侠浪漫的性格。少年时代曾闭门读书,遍览经史百家,树立了远大的政治抱负。二十四岁举进士,上书论政,得到武后的重视,任为麟台正字,再迁为右拾遗。他一方面支持武后的政治改革,另一方面对武后的不合理的弊政也屡次提出尖锐的指责。他曾在二十六岁、三十六岁两次从军边塞,对边防军事问题提出过一些有远见的建议。后一次出塞,因为和主将武攸宜意见不合,遭受排斥打击。三十八岁后就辞职还乡。最后被武三思指使县令段简加以迫害,冤死狱中。

陈子昂的思想是很复杂的,他既好纵横任侠,又好佛老神仙,但儒家兼善天下的精神,仍然是他思想的主导方面。

陈子昂的诗歌,以其进步、充实的思想内容,质朴、刚健的语言风格,对整个唐代诗歌产生了巨大影响。

登幽州台歌

前不见古人,后不见来者。

念天地之悠悠,独怆然而涕下。

On a GateTower at Yuzhou

Where,before me,are the ages that have gone?

And where,behind me,are the coming generations?

I think of heaven and earth,without limit,without end,

And I am all alone and my tears fall down.

李颀

李颀(690~751)赵郡(今河北赵县)人,一说东川(今四川三台一带)人,唐代诗人。少时家本富有,后结识富豪轻薄子弟,倾财破产。后立志刻苦读书,隐居颍阳(今河南许昌),于唐玄宗开元二十三年(735年)考取进士,曾任新乡县尉。任职多年,没有升迁,晚年仍过隐居生活。他一生交游很广,当时著名诗人王昌龄、高适、王维等都与他关系密切。李颀性格疏放超脱,厌薄世俗。

他的诗以边塞诗成就最大,奔放豪迈,慷慨悲凉,最著名的有《古从军行》、《古意》、《塞下曲》等。李颀还善于用诗歌来描写音乐和塑造人物形象。他以长歌著名,也擅长短诗,他的七言律诗尤为后人推崇。《全唐诗》中录存李颀诗三卷,后人辑有《李颀诗集》。

古意

男儿事长征,少小幽燕客。

赌胜马蹄下,由来轻七尺。

杀人莫敢前,须如蝟毛磔。

黄云陇底白雪飞,未得报恩不能归。

辽东小妇年十五,惯弹琵琶解歌舞。

今为羌笛出塞声,使我三军泪如雨。

An Old Air

There once was a man,sent on military missions,

A wanderer,from youth,on the You and Yan frontiers.

Under the horseshoofs he would meet his foes

And,recklessly risking his sevenfoot body,

Would slay whoever dared confront,

Those moustaches that bristled like porcupine quills.

There were dark clouds below the hills,there were white clouds above them,

But before a man has served full time,how can he go back?

In Eastern Liao a girl was waiting,a girl of fifteen years old,

Left with a guitar,expert in dance and song.

She seems to be fluting,even now,a reedsong of home,

Filling every soldiers eyes with homesick tears.

孟浩然

孟浩然(689~740),本名浩,字浩然,襄阳人,唐代诗人。诗与王维齐名,号王孟。

孟浩然是唐代第一个大量写山水田园诗的人,存诗260多首,多为五言律诗。孟浩然的山水诗多是写他故乡襄阳的名胜,象《秋登兰山寄张五》、《夜归鹿门歌》、《江山思归》等,将襄阳的山水、烟树、新月、小舟描绘得平常而亲切。他的田园诗数量不多,但生活气息浓厚,如《过故人庄》、《游精思观回珀云在后》等,农家生活的简朴,故人情谊的深厚,乡村气氛的和谐,都给人留下难以忘怀的印象。他的一些小诗,如《春晓》也写得含蓄清丽、韵味悠长。孟诗风格以清旷冲淡为主,但冲淡中亦有壮逸之气。

孟诗思想内容不甚丰富,但从艺术的完整、精美上来讲,与王维完全可以并驾齐驱。

夜归鹿门山歌

山寺钟鸣昼已昏,渔梁渡头争渡喧。

人随沙路向江村,余亦乘舟归鹿门。

鹿门月照开烟树,忽到庞公栖隐处。

岩扉松径长寂寥,惟有幽人自来去。

Returing at Night toLumen Mountain

A bell in the mountaintemple sounds the coming of night.

I hear people at the fishingtown stumble aboard the ferry,

While others follow the sandbank to their homes along the river.

I also take a boat and am bound for Lumen Mountain—

And soon the Lumen moonlight is piercing misty trees.

I have come,before I know it,upon an ancient hermitage,

The thatched door,the piney path,the solitude,the quiet,

Where a hermit lives and moves,never needing a companion.

李白

李白(701~762),字太白,号青莲居士,唐代诗人。祖籍陇西成纪(今甘肃天水县),先世隋时因罪徙西域,至其父始迁居绵州彰明县(今四川江油县)之青莲乡。李白自青年时,即漫游全国各地。天宝初,因道士吴筠及贺知章推荐,曾一度至长安,供奉翰林,但不久即遭谗去职。安史乱起,因参加永王幕府,被牵累,长流夜郎,途中遇赦。晚年漂泊东南一带。世称李青莲或李翰林。

李白的诗歌今存990多首。有大量的政治抒情诗,充分表现了诗人非凡的抱负,奔放的激情,豪侠的气概,也集中代表了盛唐诗歌昂阳奋发的典型音调。李白的诗歌在艺术手法方面的显着特点是﹕想像神奇,变化无端,结构纵横跳跃,句式长短错落,形成了雄奇飘逸的风格。李白的这种特点,大大发展了庄子寓言,屈原初次的浪漫精神和表现手法,也融会了道教的神仙意象,具有令人惊叹不已的艺术魅力,赢得了一代“诗仙”的赞誉。

庐山谣寄卢侍御虚舟

我本楚狂人,凤歌笑孔丘。

手持绿玉杖,朝别黄鹤楼。

五岳寻仙不辞远,一生好入名山游。

庐山秀出南斗傍,屏风九叠云锦张,

影落明湖青黛光。

金阙前开二峰长,银河倒挂三石梁。

香炉瀑布遥相望,回崖沓障淩苍苍。

翠影红霞映朝日,鸟飞不到吴天长。

登高壮观天地间,大江茫茫去不黄。

黄云万里动风色,白波九道流雪山。

好为庐山谣,兴因庐山发。

闲窥石镜清我心,谢公行处苍苔没。

早服还丹无世情,琴心三叠道初成。

遥见仙人彩云里,手把芙蓉朝玉京。

先期汗漫九垓上,愿接卢敖游太清。

A Song of Lu Mountain to Censor Lu Xuzhou

I am the madman of the Chu country

Who sang a mad song disputing Confucius.

Holding in my hand a staff of green jade,

I have crossed,since morning at the Yellow Crane Terrace,

All five Holy Mountains,without a thought of distance,

According to the one constant habit of my life.

Lu Mountain stands beside the Southern Dipper

In clouds reaching silken like a ninepanelled screen,

With its shadows in a crystal lake deepening the green water.

The Golden Gate opens into two mountainranges.

A silver stream is hanging down to three stone bridges

Within sight of the mighty Tripod Falls.

Ledges of cliff and winding trails lead to blue sky

And a flush of cloud in the morning sun,

Whence no flight of birds could be blown into Wu.

I climb to the top.I survey the whole world.

I see the long river that runs beyond return,

Yellow clouds that winds have driven hundreds of miles

And a snowpeak whitely circled by the swirl of a ninefold stream.

And so I am singing a song of Lu Mountain,

A song that is born of the breath of Lu Mountain.

Where the Stone Mirror makes the hearts purity purer

And green moss has buried the footsteps of Xie,

I have eaten the immortal pellet and,rid of the worlds troubles,

Before the lutes third playing have achieved my element.

Far away I watch the angels riding coloured clouds

Toward heavens Jade City,with hibiscus in their hands.

And so,when I have traversed the nine sections of the world,

I will follow Saint Luao up the Great Purity.

梦游天姥吟留别

海客谈瀛洲,烟涛微茫信难求。

越人语天姥,云霓明灭或可睹。

天姥连天向天横,势拔五岳掩赤城。

天台四万八千丈,对此欲倒东南倾。

我欲因之梦吴越,一夜飞渡镜湖月。

湖月照我影,送我至剡溪。

谢公宿处今尚在,渌水荡漾清猿啼。

脚著谢公屐,身登青云梯。

半壁见海日,空中闻天鸡。

千岩万壑路不定,迷花倚石忽已暝。

熊咆龙吟殷岩泉,栗深林兮惊层巅。

云青青兮欲雨,水澹澹兮生烟。

列缺霹雳,邱峦崩摧,

洞天石扇,訇然中开。

青冥浩荡不见底,日月照耀金银台。

霓为衣兮风为马,云之君兮纷纷而来下。

虎鼓瑟兮鸾回车,仙之人兮列如麻。

忽魂悸以魄动,怳惊起而长嗟。

惟觉时之枕席,失向来之烟霞。

世间行乐亦如此,古来万事东流水。

别君去兮何时还?

且放白鹿青崖间,须行即骑访名山。

安能摧眉折腰事权贵,使我不得开心颜?

Tianmu Mountain Ascended in a Dream

A seafaring visitor will talk about Japan,

Which waters and mists conceal beyond approach;

But Yueh people talk about Heavenly Mother Mountain,

Still seen through its varying deeps of cloud.

In a straight line to heaven,its summit enters heaven,

Tops the five Holy Peaks,and casts a shadow through China

With the hundredmile length of the Heavenly Terrace Range,

Which,just at this point,begins turning southeast.

My heart and my dreams are in Wu and Yueh

And they cross Mirror Lake all night in the moon.

And the moon lights my shadow

And me to Yan River—

With the hermitage of Xie still there

And the monkeys calling clearly over ripples of green water.

I wear his pegged boots

Up a ladder of blue cloud,

Sunny ocean halfway,

Holy cockcrow in space,

Myriad peaks and more valleys and nowhere a road.

Flowers lure me,rocks ease me.Day suddenly ends.

Bears,dragons,tempestuous on mountain and river,

Startle the forest and make the heights tremble.

Clouds darken with darkness of rain,

Streams pale with pallor of mist.

The Gods of Thunder and Lightning

Shatter the whole range.

The stone gate breaks asunder