7.查理的两个儿子小查理和詹姆斯轮流当上了国王。在他被处死之后，他的一个女儿伊丽莎白由于伤心过度而死于卡里斯布鲁克城堡，另一个女儿玛丽则与荷兰的奥兰治王室的王子结婚，并成为威廉三世的母亲。
8.发展备忘录--在这一统治时期，爱尔兰的亚麻制造业建立。信件由周站传送。咖啡此时开始在苏格兰采用。
a 怀特霍尔：位于伦敦市，议会厅附近。
111
DEATH OF KING CHARLES I
查理一世之死
accusation，charge.arrested，seized.authority，power.confined，kept a prisoner.conversation，talk.
corruptible，liable to decay.displayed，laid out.halberds，pole-axes.
infantry，foot soldiers.intention，purpose.memorable，famous.omen，sign.
prelate，bishop.proclaim，announce.resolute，firm of purpose.scaffold，platform.
1.The war between the King and the Parliament lasted three years，and it ended in the flight of Charles，who rode out of Oxford in the dawn of an April morning，and gave himself up to the Scots，then in a camp at Newark，on the river Trent.By the Scots，after a while，he was handed over to the Presbyterians，who were the milder party of the English Parliament，and who certainly had no intention of putting him to death.
2.The King was then confined in various castles，while the Presbyterians and the Independents struggled hard for the upper hand in Parliament and for the disposal of the King’s person.In this contest the Independents won，because they consisted of the chief army men，among whom Oliver Cromwell was certainly the greatest.
3.This man，who had drilled a famous regiment，called from their valour Ironsides，had been the chief means of winning for the Parliament the Battle of Marston Moor，and had been raised to high position in the army.Stern and resolute，Oliver took a step which removed all his enemies from the House of Commons.He placed dragoons and pikemen at the door，and arrested every Presbyterian who tried to go in.When this had been done，the Independent members resolved to bring the King out of prison and to try him publicly for going to war with his own people.
4.Calling themselves the High Court of Justice，they desired the drums and trumpets to sound，and the heralds to proclaim the trial that was about to beheld.With a hammer they broke the Great Seal of England，on which the figure of the King was engraved.Having been brought up from Windsor，Charles was put in a sedan-chair and carried into Westminster Hall，where the judges sat dressed in black.Before the bench stood a table with the mace and sword displayed.The King came in with his hat on，and，sitting down in a velvet chair，stared darkly and proudly at them.
5.Then the trial began .When a famous lawyer rose to state the charge，Charles called out，“Hold！”and gave him a sharp tap on the shoulder with a gold-headed cane.At that moment the gold knob dropped off，and a quick eye might have seen the King grow pale for an instant，as the thought crossed his brain that this was a bad omen.But he soon recovered，and broke into a laugh when he heard the reading of the accusation.
6.It was usual for him to stammer in speaking；but now，under the excitement of so strange a scene，he spoke in a clear and flowing voice，objecting to the authority of the court，and especially complaining of the absence of the Peers of England.For seven days this work went on.When the King entered the place of trial on the eighth day，he saw at a single glance that all the members on the bench were dressed in red.On that day he received sentence of death.
7.Rising two hours before dawn on the appointed day，the King put on an extra shirt，because it was cold；and，after taking particular pains with his dress，he called in Bishop Juxon to pray with him.They remained in private for an hour；after which an officer knocked at the door，and with a pale face and trembling voice came in to say that it was time to go to the scaffold.
8.They walked from St.James‘s Palace through the Park to Whitehall past a number of soldiers，who were beating dr ums and keeping theircolours flying.The King walked veryCHARLES I.ON HIS WAY TO EXECUTION.
quickly，with head erect；and after him came first a band of guards armed with halberds，and then a crowd of his own attendants with their heads uncovered and their faces full of grief.Deep silence，broken only by a muttered prayer，was kept as he passed and entered into Whitehall.
9.The scaffold not being quite ready，he went with his faithful friend the Bishop into a small private room，where he had often played with his little Charles and his little James，and stayed there，praying.After the King had drunk a glass of claret and had eaten a morsel of bread，the same pale Colonel，who had called him in the morning，again tapped at the door；and at once the King was led out to the front of the Banqueting House，where there was a railed scaffold hung with black.
10.All around this dreadful platform there were horsemen with drawn swords，and infantry with shouldered pikes；and beyond the line of these there was a perfect sea of faces，all pale with anxiety，many wet with tears.Prayers broke from the crowd every minute；and the soldiers did not forbid the people to express the deep feelings of their hearts.Charles made a speech，declaring that the war was not his fault.
11.There were standing by two men in masks，for the public executioner is always obliged to screen himself in this way from the knowledge of the people；and Charles said to one of them，“I shall say but very short prayers，and then thrust，out my hands as the signal.”
12.Calling for his night-cap，he put it on，and gathered under it those flowing curls which he wore，after the manner of the Cavalier gentlemen of England at that time.And then occurred his last memorable conversation with Bishop Juxon，which was to the following effect：-“I have a good cause and a gracious God on my side，”said the King.
“Yes，”said the Bishop：“there is but one stage more；it is hard and troubled，but very short：it will soon carry you a great way，even from earth to heaven.”
“I go from a corruptible to an incorruptible crown，where there can be no disturbance，”rejoined the King.
“Yes；it is a good exchange，”said Juxon.