As he got older，he became more and more fond of comfort．他年老时，越来越喜欢舒适。
comfort（vt．）意为安慰，使得到慰藉。如：Her mother’s words of love and help comforted the sobbing child．妈妈充满帮助心和爱心的话使哭泣的孩子得到安慰。
I had to comfort her，“It’s human to make mistakes．我只得安慰她说：“人总是会犯错误的”。
7.learned
解析： learned 是个形容词，意思是“有才华的”，“ 博学的”，在用做过去式和过去分词时，采用learnt。
例如： The teacher is a learned man.
老师是个有学问的人。
A learned professor is writing a book about it.
一個有学问的教授正在写一本关于此问题的书。
He has learnt English for more than ten years，but he can’t speak English fluently.
他学英语十年多了，但是，还不能流利地讲英语。
8.bitter
解析： bitter在本课是“厉害的”，“怀恨的”的意思，这个词还作“苦味的”，“严酷的”，“强烈的”的意思。
例如： bitter pills 苦药片；bitter memories辛酸的记忆；bitter winter严寒的冬天； bitter argument激烈的争论。
9.be seated
解析： seat是及物动词，主语是地點或地方，人作宾语，因此人作主语時，常用 be seated结构； seat还可以作名词用，意思是 “座位”；要分清seat与 sit， 后者是不及物动词，人作主语，地点作状语。
例如：Please be seated. 请坐。
He sat there， looking very calm. 他坐在那儿，看起来很平静。
辨析 wish， want， long for和desire：四词都表示“愿望，希望”，但有差别。
wish有希望，祈愿，不满于实际境遇而愿望相异状态的意味。with后跟that引导从句要用虚拟语气。
We wish the work complete， but it wasn’t. 我们希望完工，可是还没完。
want是日常用语，常表示因缺乏而愿望。
I want these letters to be stamped and mailed at once. 我要把这些信件粘上邮票并立即付邮。
long for表示强烈希望，经常是指难达到或者不存在的某种东西，带有感情色彩。
It has rained for five weeks in succession， so we are longing for some sun shine.
已经连续下了5个星期的雨，因此我们渴望看到太阳。
desire后跟that引导从句，用虚拟语气，用desire后不直接接动名词，接动名词必须跟for连用。
The queen desires that you should come at once. 女王要你立刻前来。
He desires for reading. 他渴望读书。
2．辨析make a promise， consent 与permit；三词同表示“同意，允许”，但有细微的差别。
make a promise常常是积极、主动自己约定的。
He has made a promise to give a performance.他许诺作一次表演。
consent表示由他人请求而后同意的。
Anne’s father consented to her marrying a foreigner.安妮的父亲允许她嫁给外国人。
permit表示允许他人干某事。如：Circumstances don’t permit me to help you. 情况不许可我帮助你。
3．辨析comfort 与console：两词都表示“安慰”，但有细微的差别。
comfort是普通用词，指通过某办法使某人获得力量而减轻痛苦、忧伤。
I don’t know how to comfort her. 我不知道怎样安慰她才好。
console是较正式用语，指人做些事使某人暂时忘记痛苦。
Our music consoled the widow. 我们的音乐使那寡妇得到安慰。
The music consoled the broken-hearted girl. 音乐安慰了这伤心欲绝的女孩。
4.辨析at sea， in the sea， on the sea， by seaat sea 意为“在海上”，“在航海中”，或“茫然不知所措”；in the sea意为“在海里”；on the sea意为“在海面上”；by sea意味“乘船”，“走海路”。如：He was born at sea. 她是在海上出生的。
I was at sea when I began my new job.
当我开始新工作时有点手足无措。
Dare you swim in the sea？ 你敢在海里游泳吗？
They had a good time when they sailed on the Mediterranean Sea.
他们在地中海上航行时过得很惬意。
We are planning to go to new York by sea.
我们准备乘船去纽约。
Lesson42—43
Teaching Procedures：Step I. Oragainzing
Greetings and make a duty report.
Step II. Introduction：Find out how much the students know about the writer William Shakespeare and ask some questions like this：What do you know about Shakespeare？ What is his nationality？
When was he born and when did he die？
Do you know the titles of any of his plays？ Suggested answers：
1 The King Henry VI 亨利六世
2 The comedy of Errors 错中错
3 The Taming of the Shrew 驯悍妇
4 Romeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶
5 A Midsummer Night’s Dream 仲夏夜之梦
6 The Merchant of Venice 威尼斯商人
7 As You Like It 如愿
8 Twelfth Night（What You Will） 第十二夜
9 Hamlet 哈姆莱特
10 All’s Well ends Well 皆大欢喜
11 Measure for measure 恶有恶报
12 Othello 奥塞罗
13 King Lear 李尔王
14 Macbeth 麦克白
15 The Winter’s Tale 冬天的故事
16 The Tempest 暴风雨
Write the key words and phrases raised by the Ss during the discussion on the Bb.
Step III. PresentationAsk questions about the picture， and get the students to tell you what they think is happening.
Step IV. Reading comprehension.
Ask students to read the introduction silently and find out the answers to followimg questions.
1.The text mainly talks about.
A.Antonio’s charities（善行）and Shylock’s crueltyB.Portia’s cleverness and Antonio’s charitiesC.Shylock’s cruelty and Portia’s clevernessD.The three colorful characters of Antonio， Portia and Shylock2.Antonio did business with 。
A. people in Venice
B. people in Italy
C. People in other countriesD. people in the world3.Antonio was a（n） person.
A. warm-hearted B. strong-willedC. open-minded D. hot-tempered4.What kind of person was Shylock？ He was 。
A. greedy and hypocriticalB. hypocritical（虚伪） and cruelC. cruel and lazy D. greedy and cruel5.What did the Duke mean by saying “Don’t be so bitter”？
He wanted Shylock to be 。
A. warm-hearted B. calmC. kind-hearted D. reasonable6.In writing style， this text is a.
A. dramaB. storyC. fableD. fairy tale7.The word “scold” in the text means to.
A. fool with B. laugh atC. criticizeD. quarrel with8.It seems that the Duke at the court supported.
A. Portia B. AntonioC. Shylock D. none of them9.That Portia was able to defend Antonio was due to 。
A. her cleverness
B. her husband’s supportC. her husband’s helpD. her cleverness and her husband’s support10.Which happened last in Part 2？
A.Shylock insisted on having one pound of Antonio’s flesh.
B.Portia declared that the law allowed Shylock to take Antonio’s flesh.
C.Antonio said his last words to Bassanio.
D.Portia warned Bassanio of the impossibility of changing the law.
Allow the students enough time to read the play and find the answers. Get them to check their answers in pairs， then check the answers with the class.
Answers：1.C2.C3.A4.D5.C6.A7.C8.B9.A10.BStepV.language points：mercy，bitter
Have mercy on Antonio，Shylock.Do not be so bitter.（Line1 of page62）
One half of his money and his goods shall be given to the city of Venice and the othe r half shall be given to the peson he hs tried to kill.His life shall be at he mercy of the Duke.Therefore， go down on you knees and beg the duke for mercy.（page64）
bitter在本课是“厉害的”，“怀恨的”的意思，这个词还作“苦味的”，“严酷的”，“强烈的”等等讲。
例如： bitter pills 苦药片； bitter memories辛酸的记忆； bitter winter严寒的冬天； bitter argument激烈的争论。
2.desire：page 62，Line11
Let us be calm，gentlemen. Shylck， how can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none？
I havedone nothing wrong and I fear no judg3ment. I desire my pound of flesh.