书城教材教辅新课程师资培训教程-高中英语经典教案
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第4章 高一年级(4)

注意:表示一般意义的“收集;聚集”时,collect 可用来代替gather,但gather不能代替collect以表示特殊意义。

I enjoy collecting stamps.我喜欢集邮。(这里的collect 不能用gather来代替。)

People gathered/collected to watch the fight.(这里的两个词可互换。)

辨析catch fire与be on fire.

catch fire强调动作,属于非延续性动词。

be on fire强调状态,属延续性动词。

A house caught fire last night.

The house has been on fire for an hour. 此句中的“has been on fire”不可改为“has caught fire”。

辨析get close to与be close toget close to强调“靠近”这个动作。

be close to强调“离……近的”这一状态。

Don’t get close to the fire. It’s dangerous!

Our school is close to the railway station.

辨析save, rescue

save指“救、挽救”,普通而含义广泛。指通过救援不但使受害者/物能脱离危险或祸患,而且使其能保存下来,有时可与rescue通用。

rescue(=save…from harm or danger)常与from搭配,意为“救、营救、挽救”,多指在直接的危险或祸患中给予迅速和有效的救援,一般指救人;它还有从监禁中救出的意思。

The doctor finally saved the boy’s life. 医生终于救活了这个孩子。

The firemen rescued five children from the burning house.

消防队员从燃烧的房子里救出了5个小孩。

难句分析:

1.The fire also destroyed cars which belonged to people who worked in the building.这场大火还烧毁了大楼里工作人员的汽车。

1)这是个复合句。其主句为:The fire also destroyed cars;其后有两个定语从句:①which belonged to people用来修饰cars ②who worked in the building 用来修饰people。

2)句中的“belong to”是个常用短语。

它可表示是“是……的财产(属于)/是……的组成部分(属于)/是……的成员(属于)”。

例如:Who does this radio set belong to? 这台收音机是谁的?

belong to不可用于被动语态,比如:那本字典是我的。

要说成:That dictionary belongs to me.而不能说成:That dictionary is belonged to me.

belong还可用于除to外的其他介词或副词前面,表示“某人/某物处在适当的位置;在这个地方正合适/有用”。例如:That chair belongs in the other room.那把椅子应当摆在另一间房里。

belong to的误区,不能用于进行时。例如:误:I am belonging to No.1 Middle School now.

正:I belong to No.1 Middle School now.

不能用于被动结构。例如:

误:The house is belonged to his uncle.

正:The house belongs to his uncle.

正:The house is owned by his uncle.

正:The house is his uncle’s.

belong to后接代词作宾语时,要用宾格;后接名词时,不能用所有格。例如:误:The book belongs to my/mine.

正:The book belongs to me.

误:This pair of trousers belongs to Lucy’s.

正:This pair of trousers belongs to Lucy.

2.You might get burnt and you might drop the pan of burning oil.你可能被烧伤,也可能扔掉烧着油的锅。

分析:

1)句中的get burnt是被动语态的另一种表达方式,即:get+pp.过去分词。被动语态的通常表达方式为:be+pp.如:My glasses got broken when I was playing basketball.打篮球,我的眼镜给摔破了。

说明:类似的短语有:get drunk(喝醉酒);get laughed at(被嘲笑);get punished(受惩罚)

2)本句中的might是情态动词,是may的过去式,但它在本句中并不表示过去,而表示一种可能性。如:He is not here yet, He might/may be ill.他还没有来,他可能病了。

上面的例句中,如果用may,则可能性比might要大。

The pan is on fire. In that case, you wouldn’t have a pan on fire.

1) “(be)on fire” 意为“着火,失火”。例如:Look! The house is on fire.

The shop on fire belongs to Mr Smith.

[归纳]本课中名词fire同动词和介词的搭配有:be trapped by / above the fire(被火围困<在上面>);be killed / burnt in the fire(被火烧死); escape from the fire(逃离火境);set…on fire(使……烧烧<着火>)。

[联想]名词fire与动词的搭配还有:catch fire(着火);control fire(控制火势);discover a fire(发现火情);light a fire(点火);start a fire / make a fire(生火);put out a fire (灭火);watch the fire(观火)。

[联想]名词fire同另一名词搭配构成的复合名词有:fire alarm(火警警报);fire escape(<火警时用的>太平梯/安全梯);fire exit(<火警时用的>出口/太平门);firefighter(消防队员<合成或分写都可,但一般合写>)。

2)in that /this case意为“在这种/那种情况下”。

It may snow tomorrow. In that case, you’ll have to stay here.

过去时和过去进行时

(1)过去时表示在过去某一具体时刻/时间完成或结束的动作。它可用于以下场合:有时间状语的过去动作。

I bought the watch in Switzerland in 1988.我1988年在瑞士买了这块表。

询问已做动作或已发生事件的时间的问句。

When did you meet him?你是什么时间遇见他的?

尽管没有具体时间,句子叙述的是过去某一时刻发生的动作。

I didn’t know you were here.我刚才不知道你己到了这儿。

(2)过去进行时则表示所说的事情在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行,而没有结束。它可用于以下情况:在无时间状语的情况下,它表示逐渐的发展或事件发生的背景。

The wind was rising.风越刮越大。

与某一具体时间/刻连用,它表示某一动作在那个时刻以前已开始,并可能要延续到那一时刻以后。

I was watching TV (at) this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候,我正在看电视。

过去进行时经常与一般过去时配合使用,这时,过去进行时通常作为一般过去时的时间背景。

We were all sleeping soundly when the earthquake happened. 地震发生时,我们都睡得正香。

如果两件事都同时在进行,也可都用过去进行时来表示。

Some were carrying water while others were watering trees.有的在提水,有的在浇树。

过去进行时与always连用,用来表示一个不断重复的过去动作,表达说话人赞赏或厌恶的情感。

He was always ringing me up. 他老是给我打电话。

正如现在进行时可以表示一个明确的将来计划一样,过去进行时也可以表示这种发生在过去的将来。

Mr.Smith was busy packing, because he was leaving for London that night.

史密斯先生正忙着收拾行李,因为那天晚上他要动身去伦敦。

注意:同样一件过去的事情,用以上两种不同的时态表示不同内涵:过去时强调动作的结束;而过去进行时,则强调动作的延续性。例如:I cleaned the house this morning.上午我打扫了房间。

I was cleaning the house this morning.上午我一直在打扫房间。

Lesson 61

Step I Lead in

Show the picture, talk about the following the questions?

1) What might happen if the oil gets too hot?

2)What would you do if the pan of oil catches fire?

Step II Listening

Play the tape of the dialogue for the Ss to listen and follow. Go through the dialogue briefly and make sure the Ss understand it. After that, answer the following question.

1)。 What did Jenny ask Yang Pei to do first?

2).Did Yang Pei carry the pan out of the kitchen at once?

Key:1) Jenny asked Yang Pei to turn off the gas and cover the pan.

2) No, she didn’t.

Step III Reading

Ask the Ss to read Part 2 to find out what to do if they hear the fire alarm. Check comprehension by asking Yes/ No questions:1.Should I stay in my room? ( No)

2.Should I leave the building at once? (Yes )

3.Should I take my room key? (Yes )

4.Should I take the lift? ( No )

Step IV Play a role

The T let the Ss practise the dialogue in pairs a few minutes, The T can write some main sentences on the Bb, for example:1) cooking in the kitchen; 2) the pan of oil; 3) catch fire) 4) turn off the gas; 5) cover the pan; 6) the fire (be) outThen the T asks one pair to act the scene in front of the class.

Step V Language focus1.Take care: be careful.

2. Is the fire out? If there are no flames, the fire is out.

3. You might…burning oil: If you carried the pan out of the kitchen, you might get burnt by the fire and you might drop the pan. Might here indicates possibility.

2.Preparation the Lesson 62.

Lesson 62

Step I Lead in

教师利用图片向同学提问,如下:

1) What can you see in the picture? 2) What do you think is happening? 3) What do you think the passage is going to tell us? 4) After seeing this picture, what do you expect to learn from this reading passage?

Step II Listening

教师给学生播放本课的听力内容。