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第10章 New Web Tool to Improve Multimedia Surfing

A new web tool makes online video and audio as interactive as text, say its creators. The software could enhance surfing, and help individuals and organizations manage large quantities of footage①.

Within five years it’ll be on everybody’s desktop, predicts② Silvia Pfeiffer of CSIRO Mathematical and Information Sciences in Sydney, Australia. Her team is releasing the code as open source for others to use and modify.

The new software, called Annodex, allows any section within a file to be given a descriptive tag—“love scene”, “fight” or “interview”, for example. Tags form a stream of information that runs alongside the file, changing to keep track of it.

These descriptions could enable search engines to find audio or video directly; at the moment they can detect③ only web pages that carry such files. The tags also allow suffers to move around within packages of sound and images while playing them,in the same way that we can go to a different part of the same web page via inks.

Surfers can hop either by naming a section, or a time. They can also follow links into or out of the file, which change to reflect what’s playing at that moment. For example, during an animated flight through a galaxy, links to external pages on black holes can become active during the journey past the hole at the galactic④ centre.

“It’s a huge step, ”comments Phillip Jenkins of PIVoD,a digital media company based in Perth, Australia, that has begun using the software.“It’ll enhance the use of video and audio phenomenally.”

Annodex allows users to divide files into chunks-scenes of a film, for example-label them,and add links to each chunk. Sections, labels and links must currently be made by hand. The CSIRO team is working on ways to automate the process, such as with speech-recognition software.

Pfeiffer’s team aims to release a Web browser program to run Annodex for the Macintosh within a few weeks. They hope to have a version for Linux and Windows by the end of the year. Similar tools are becoming available for online animations⑤ and diagrams.

The browser displays the sub-sections’ titles, and has a button that becomes active when a section is linked. It works with all file formats.

“There’ll be massive applications in media and government,” says Jenkins. He envisages TV companies and parliaments using Annodex to organize their archives⑥.

Pfeiffer also sees domestic applications. “I’ve got a huge collection of home videos, that I can’t do much with, ” she says. “With this I could put all the data on a web server, annotate⑦ it,and send a link to my mother in Germany.”

① footagen. (以尺表示的)英尺长度

② predictv. 预言;预料;预报[+that][+wh-]

③ detectv. 发现,察觉;查出,看穿

④ galacticadj. 银河的

⑤ animationn. 动画片;动画片绘制[C][U]

⑥ archiven. 档案;文件;记录

⑦ annotatev. 注解,给……作注解

新型网络工具推进网上冲浪的多媒体化

浏览器使得我们可以更好地去寻找和连接网络音频和视频。 一种新的网络浏览器的发明者说它能使网络音频和视频像文本一样交互作用,这种软件可以增强上网冲浪的能力,并可以帮助个人和组织处理更多的数据。

西尔维娅·法伊弗说,“在五年之内,它将会出现在每个人的电脑上。”她在澳大利亚悉尼市的联邦科学与工业研究组织下属的数学和信息研究所工作。她的研究小组将该软件作为一种公共资源提供给他人使用和维修。

这种被称作Annodex的新软件,可以在一个文件内允许任何部分有一个叙述性的链接,如“爱情故事”、 “战斗片”或者“一次会见”等。这种链接会形成一种围绕文件中心运行的信息流,为了追踪信息它随时都在变化着。

这些描述可以使搜索引擎直接去发现音频或者视频资料;它们这时能够发现包含这种文件的网页。链接可以使上网的人在使用这些资料的时候,在含有声音和图像的完整节目内进行自由移动,同样通过链接我们可以到同一网页的不同地方去浏览。

上网者通过命名其中一部分或者是一个时间就可以在网络上进行跳跃。他们还可以根据链接进入或者跳出文件,然后转换成要表达的当时的播放内容。例如,在一部描写银河系飞行的动画片中,当经过银河系中心的黑洞时,连接到有关黑洞的外部网页后浏览器就会变得异常活跃起来。

澳大利亚佩思市的一家数字化媒体公司——培伍德公司的菲利普·金肯斯解释说,“这是一次非常巨大的飞跃。”这家公司现在已经开始使用这种软件。 ——“这将明显加强视频和音频的使用效果。”

Annodex多媒体浏览器可以使用户将文件切块分类——例如电影的不同场景,对文件进行标注,然后再分别进行链接。分类、标注和连接通常是手工完成的。

联邦科学与工业研究组织的攻关小组正努力去研究使程序自动化的方法,如使用语音识别系统软件等。

法伊弗的研究小组决定在今后数周内拿出一个适用于苹果Macintosh机的版本。他们希望在今年年底分别拿出适用于Linux和Windows的版本。类似的浏览器对于制作网络动画和图表非常有效。

浏览器可以显示出分支部分的题目,当一个分支部分链接上后,有一个按钮就会变得活跃起来。这个浏览器适用于所有的版本格式。

金肯斯说,“将会有大量的新闻媒体和政府部门申请使用这种浏览器。”他大胆预测,电视台和议会将使用这种Annodex系统来组织他们的档案。

法伊弗也同时也看到了这种浏览器在国内的应用前景。“我已经收集到了大量的国内音像制品,多的让我难以处理,”她说,“使用这种浏览器,我就可以把所有数据都放在网络的服务器上,对它进行评注,还可以链接因特网转发给远在德国的母亲。”