书城文化关中方言代词研究
15866200000021

第21章 指示代词(3)

表11关中方言表示处所的指示代词比较表近指远指第一层次远指第二层次西安这边t55pia~31这儿tr52这半个t55pa5531k这陀儿tei53tur24兀边u55pia~31兀儿ur52兀半个u55pa5531k兀一陀儿uei53tur24那边n55pia~31那儿nr52那个n55pa31k那一陀儿n53tur24蓝田这儿tr51这岸儿tei55a~r这帮tei55pa31这半个tei55pa55k31这陀儿tei51tur35兀儿ur51兀岸儿u55a~r兀帮u55pa31兀半个u55pa55k31兀一陀儿uei51tur35那岸儿n55a~r那帮n55pa31那半个n55pa55k31那一陀儿n51tur35周至这岸t55a~5531这帮t55pa31这半个t55pa55k31兀一岸uei55a~5531兀一帮uei55pa31兀一半个uei55pa55k31那岸n55a~5531那帮n55pa31那半个n55pa55k31临潼这岸儿tei44a~r这儿tr53这一陀儿tei53i31tur24这陀儿tei53tur24兀岸儿u55a~r兀儿ur53兀一陀儿u53i31tur24兀一陀儿uei53tur24那岸儿n55a~r那儿nr53那一陀儿n53i31tur24那陀儿n53tur24商州这半扎儿t55pa~tsar札儿tar53兀半扎儿vu55pa~tsar哇儿var53那半扎儿nai55pan55tsar华阴这儿tr42这边t55pia~31这半个t55pa~55k31这岸儿t55a~r兀儿ur42兀边u55pia~31兀半个u55pa~55k31兀岸儿u55a~r那儿nr42那边n55pia~31那半个n55pa~55k31那岸儿n55a~r华县这边t55pia~21这儿tr42这半个t55pa55k21这帮t55pa21这处t55tsu4221这陀tei42tuo35兀边u55pia~21兀儿ur42兀半个u55pa55k21兀帮u55pa21处uo55tsu4221兀一陀uei42tuo35那边n55pia~21那儿nr42那半个n55pa55k21那帮n55pa21那处n55tsu21那陀n42tuo35韩城这边t55pia~31这垛tei42tuo31这搭ta42兀边u55pia~31兀一垛uei42tuo31兀搭ua42兀个uo42那边n55pia~31那搭n55ta31大荔这边t55pia~31这岸t55a~5531这陀t55tuo3531兀边u55pia~31兀岸u55a~5531兀陀u55tuo3531那边n55pia~31那岸n55a~5531那陀n55tuo3531续表近指远指第一层次远指第二层次三原这边t55pia~31这半个t55pa5531k31这帮t55pa31这陀tei52tu35兀边u55pia~31兀半个u55pa5531k31兀帮u55pa31兀一陀uei52tu35那边n55pia~31那半个n55pia~31那半个n55pa5531k31那帮n55pa31那陀n52tu35渭南这边t55pia~31这岸t55a~5531兀边u55pia~31儿uor52兀岸u55a~5531那边n55pia~31那岸n55a~5531泾阳这岸儿t55~r这边t55pia~31这半个tpa55k31这帮个t55pa31兀岸儿u55~r兀边u55pia~31兀半个u55pa55k31兀帮u55pa31那岸儿n55~r那边儿n55pia~31那半个n55pa55k31那帮个n55pa31云阳这边t55pia~31这半个tpa55k31这帮t55pa31这陀儿tei51tur35兀边u55pia~31兀半个u55pa55k31兀帮u55pa31兀一陀uei51tur35那边n55pia~31那半个n55pa55k31那帮n55pa31那陀儿n51tur35咸阳这边t44pia~31这半个t44pa44k31这帮t44pa31这处t44ts5231这陀儿tei52tur24兀边u44pia~31兀半个u44pa44k31兀帮u44pa31处u44ts5231兀一陀儿uei52tur24那边l44pia~31那半个l44pa44k31那帮l44pa31那处l44ts5231那陀儿l52tur24礼泉这陀儿tei53tur35这儿tr53这帮t44pa31兀一uei53tur35兀儿ur53兀帮u44pa31那陀儿l53tur35那儿lr53那帮l44pa31烟霞这岸t44a~44a~4431这半个t44pa44k31这帮t44pa31这处t44ts5331这陀儿tei53tur35兀一岸uei44a~4431兀半个u44pa44k33兀帮u44pa31处u44ts5331兀一陀儿uei53tur35这岸l44a~4431那半个l44pa44k31那帮l44pa31那处l44ts5331那陀儿l53tur35乾县这半个t44pa44k31这帮t44pa21这陀儿t52tur35兀半个u44pa44k31兀帮u44pa31兀一陀儿uei52tur35那半个l44pa44k31那帮l44pa31那陀儿l52tur35新民这边t55pia~31这岸t55a~5531这半个t55pa55k31这帮t55pa31这陀tei51tu35兀边u55/uei55pia~31兀岸u55a~5531兀半个u55pa55k31兀帮u55pa31兀一陀uei51tu35那边l55pia~31那岸l55a~5531那半个l55pa55k31那帮l55pa31那陀儿l51tu35武功这边t44pia~31这歇t44i31这半个t44pa44k31这帮t44pa31这陀tei42tu35这儿tr42兀边u44pia~31兀歇u44i31兀半个u44pa44k31兀帮u44pa31兀一陀儿uei42tu35兀儿ur42那边l44pia~31那歇l44i31那半个l44pa44k31那帮l44pa31那陀l42tu35续表近指远指第一层次远指第二层次黄陵这搭儿tr52这压t44ia31这陀儿tei52tuor24兀搭儿ur52兀压u44ia31兀一陀儿uei52tuor24那儿nr52那压n44ia31那一陀儿nei52tuor24凤翔这帮t44pa31这个陀t52tuo24兀帮u44pa31兀个陀u52tuo24扶风这边t55pi~31这帮t55pa31a31这么阿t55mo3131兀边u55pi~31兀面u55mi~5531兀帮u55pa31a31兀么阿u55mo3131那边lai55pi~31那帮lai55pa31a31在表示处所的指示代词里,关中方言还有一种确定指代(简称“确指”),如户县方言“这搭儿搭儿tei55t31t”指“这个具体地方”,估计关中方言区不同程度都有确指代词,表12是我们目前所调查到的确指代词。

表12关中方言表示处所的确指代词比较表近指远指第一层次确指远指第二层次确指商州札札儿ta55tar哇哇儿va55var那搭儿nai55tar户县这儿这儿t31t这搭儿搭tei55tt儿儿u31u兀一搭儿搭儿uei55tt那搭儿搭儿n55tt陇县这搭搭t44ta31ta兀搭搭u44ta31ta岐山这搭这搭ta52ta兀搭兀搭ua52ua乾县这陀陀tei52tu35tu3531兀一陀陀uei52tur35tu3531那陀陀l52tu35tu3531云阳这儿这儿tr31tr兀儿兀儿ur31ur2关中方言表示时间的指示代词,其主要特点可以比较如表13。