6.He also thrust Roman Catholics into offices in the University of Oxford；and he drew up a Declaration of Indulgence，which allowed every one to believe what he chose，and to worship as he liked.This he ordered to be read in all the churches.The London clergy refused to read it；and seven bishops wrote a Petition against the Declaration.
7.James，in anger，sent them all to the Tower，where they remained for a week before they were brought to trial.The jury declared them “Not guilty，”and shouts of joy rang through the streets of London at the news.When James heard this，his anger knew no bounds.He then resolved to bring his people to obedience by force of arms.For this purpose he sent over to Ireland for soldiers，who，being Roman Catholics，would more readily support his cause.
中文阅读
1.已故国王的弟弟约克公爵此时前来继承王位，即詹姆士二世。由于自己是一个严谨的罗马天主教徒，他并不受人民爱戴；但是，由于他答应支持新教徒，因此没有人反对他当国王。不过，他却公开去做弥撒，并且很快便表现得无法忍受除自己所信奉的宗教以外的任何宗教。
2.于是，有人策划了将他赶下王位并让他侄子蒙默斯公爵继承的阴谋。阿盖尔公爵准备在苏格兰起兵造反，蒙默斯则准备在英格兰南部海岸登陆。然而，阿盖尔的努力失败了，被人送进监狱，并在蒙默斯登陆前便在爱丁堡处决。
3.蒙默斯到达莱恩b时，追随者还不足100人，但由于受到普通民众的拥护，他很快便成了6000人的头领。不过，他与国王的军队在塞吉木尔c遭遇，结果大败。他骑马逃跑，距离已达马匹所能达到的极限。之后，他换了一身农民的衣服流浪了两天。然后，他只能带着猎犬去打猎。被人发现时，他还在一条沟渠里，饥肠辘辘，兜里只有几粒豌豆。
a Taunton.-On the Tone in Somersetshire；12miles south-west of Bridgewater.Kirke‘s soldiers were ironically called “Kirke’s lambs.”
b 莱恩：或莱恩·雷吉斯，位于多塞特郡，离都切斯特以西22英里。
c 塞吉木尔：萨默塞特郡布里奇沃特以东。
4.带到国王跟前时，他求国王饶命，但詹姆士不为所动，将他在塔山处死。他那些在战斗中被捕入狱的追随者都受到残酷对待。许多人在战斗结束后被科克上校无情地杀死，上校将他们的尸体成排地悬挂在陶顿a一家小旅馆的路牌上示众。另外还有许多人在杰弗里斯法官的“重罪巡回审判”中，被判处最残酷的死刑，而杰弗里斯法官也由于热衷于这种禽兽不如的杀戮而当上了“大法官”。
5.此时觉得坐稳了王位的詹姆士，开始着手他的宏伟计划了，那就是使英格兰再次成为一个罗马天主教国家。为了取悦罗马天主教，他批准各个阶层的非国教徒，如天主教徒和新教徒，都享有宗教自由。
6.他还强迫牛津大学的各个部门推行罗马天主教，并起草了一个《信教自由宣言》，允许每个人信奉自己选择的宗教，按照自己的喜好信教。他下令在所有教堂宣教这一宣言。伦敦传教士拒绝宣读，七名主教联合写了一封请愿书，反对这一宣言。
7.詹姆士大怒，将他们全部送进伦敦塔，让他们在那里待了一个星期，然后带去审判。陪审团宣称他们“无罪”，伦敦的大街小巷对这一消息欢呼雀跃。詹姆士听到之后，怒火不可遏制。他旋即决心用武力强迫人民遵守宣言。为达此目的，他派人去爱尔兰征募信奉罗马天主教的士兵，认为这些人应该更乐于支持他的事业。
a 陶顿：位于萨默塞特郡的托思，布里奇沃特西南12英里。科克的士兵被人讽刺性地称为“科克的小绵羊”。
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THE LAST BATTLE ON ENGLISH SOIL
英国土地上的最后一次战斗
ammunition，powder and shot.approach，going near.confusion，bustle；turmoil.consequently，therefore.indistinct，dim.
poaching，killing game unlawfully.preparation，making ready.surprise，take unawares.unfortunate，unlucky.
violently，very much.
1.Having landed at Lyme，in Dorsetshire，the Duke of Monmouth，one of the sons of Charles the Second，fought a battle with the troops of King James the Second on the waste and swampy field called Sedgemoor.There has never since been a battle in England.
2.Intending to surprise the royal army，which was commanded by a lazy andpleasure-loving general called Feversham，Monmouth，pale and anxious-looking，rode out of Bridgewater at the head of his soldiers about eleven o‘clock one moonlight Sunday night.A mist，which lay on the moor，served as a cover for the approach of the rebel army.
3.That army had been hastily raised.The foot-soldiers were merely ploughmen and miners，who had tied scythes on poles，and had rubbed oil on the old rusty guns with which they had been in the habit of poaching and of frightening crows.The horsemen were even worse off，for scarcely one of the clumsy cart-horses on which they rode had ever heard a shot fired.
4.They had six miles to go，and the success of the attempt depended ontheir making no noise：consequently there were strict orders against the beatingof drums and the firing of guns.The watch-word of the army，thus creeping over the moor in the foggy moonshine，was “Soho.”
5.In two hours they had reached a place where deep ditches，containing a good deal of slushy mud，ran across the moorland.The army walked quietly across the first ditch，on a pathway made of stone.At the second ditch，a mistake which the guide made about the proper path caused delay and confusion；and in the bustle of finding the track again，a pistol went off by accident.This spoiled all；for some of the Life Guards were startled by the shot，and looking in the direction from which it came，saw the indistinct figures of Monmouth’s men through the mist.Firing into the fog，they galloped away to rouse the royal troops.
6.Drums began to beat the signal for falling into rank；and Monmouth saw that unless he made a dash all hope of victory was gone.He therefore ordered the cavalry to charge in front，while he led up the foot behind.As the horsemen went forward at a rapid pace，they saw something black before them for which they could not account.Drawing a tight rein as they approached it，they found to their dismay that it was another ditch，of which they had received no warning！
7.On the opposite side the musketeers of James were lighting their matches in preparation for a volley.A short quick talk took place across the water.“For whom are you？”cried a royal officer.-“For the King，”was the rebel answer.-“For which King？”-“King Monmouth-God with us.”-The reply to this war-cry came back in the shape of a shower of bullets，which emptied several of the rebel saddles，and scattered the whole troop of horse.
8.Then the foot-soldiers of Monmouth came up to the ditch，and began to fire across it at the royal troops.But they were not used to the firing of volleys，and，although they were very cool and brave，they aimed too high，and sent their balls over the heads of the enemy.Monmouth himself was among them，with a pike in his hand，directing the attack.But in the confusion causedby the flight of the cavalry，the drivers of the carts which carried the powder took fright，and whipped their horses into a jolting gallop.This left the brave infantry in the unfortunate position of having guns，but no ammunition to make the guns useful.They cried eagerly for “ammunition；”but，getting none，they were forced to turn their muskets into clubs，and to beat at the enemy with the heavy butts.