书城教材教辅模拟联合国会议
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第14章 危机——指令草案(Draft Directive)

所谓危机,就是会场中的突发事件。危机的涉及面极广,需要代表对危机做出迅速的反应。当一个危机出现时,代表可以动议自由磋商或者与危机有关的有组织核心磋商。以下是一个危机的范例:

The Coming Global Oil Crisis

Time:2028.12.21Title:the crisis of crude oil

The price of the crude oil has been upheaval in the recent 20years and in 2028,it has risen to the summit,a crisis which involves not only the fifty states of USA,but also the whole global energy affairs。The crisis is also expanding its influence to the domains inculding the dealing in securitis(证券交易),the inflation of goods and materials and so on。If the crisis continue to spread throughout the USA,it will also give rise to the economic crisis。

Up to now,the average price of crude oil in America has attained 234dollars per barrel,and the average oil stock has gone down to 212million Barrels。

In states(including Alabama,Phoenix,Sacramento,Atlanta,Louisiana,Maryland,Delaware,New Jersey,Mississippi,New Mexico,Tennessee),the oil supply pots has ceased to supple the crude oils to individuals and other states is also struggling at this moment to continue the supply。

The employment of the oil industry has glissaded to the lowest point in history and the unemployed have gone on parades to protest the breach of duty of the present government。

The sustained growth of the oil price also leads to the bankrupt of some significant industries。The most severe one happened in industries in follow aspects:AGRICULTURE,TRANSPOTATION,WATER CONSERVANCY PROJECT,NATIONAL DEFENCE,AND MOST OF THE HEAVY MANUFACTURING。

The productivity of the foods in America is driven by oil in every step,the accumulating cost of food manufacturing has caused the improverishment of a great number of food manufacturers,and the depression in agricultural is significant。

Fifty percent of the airline corporation has begun to largely reduce the scheduled flights which has leads to the spoiling of the credity。The industry of mobile has been largely influenced by the price of oil。The depression of the ocean trade industry is obvious。All the decay of the transpotation has limited the development of the import and outport commercial industry。

The war industry is always occupying a high percentage of the usage of oil。If the oil industry continues to go down,the national defence will be severely doubted。

The persistent depression of the heavy manufacturing is the origin of a even greater loss of employment and economic growth。

The instability of the security business(证券市场)has been the reason for the great undersell of stock in the oil industry for the average oil stock has gone down to 212million Barrels,and in the meantime,others affectes industries is also suffering a lot。

需要指出的是,以上危机仅仅是一个范例,在会场上发生的危机有可能从内容和形式上与范例大不相同,代表有可能被以任何形式告知危机,包括如范例的危机文件的印发或者包含危机的视频录像等。另外根据代表们的反应,危机将有可能出现进一步的发展。一个危机的出现,将极有可能迫使某些国家对自己的立场做出修改,也有可能使某些BLOC重组。

凡事预则立,不预则废。处理危机一般要遵循6F原则、Forecast(事先预测)原则、Fast(迅速反应)原则、Fact(尊重事实)原则、Face(承担责任)原则、Frank(坦诚沟通)原则、Flexible(灵活变通)原则。

归结一句话:不论什么时候,本国的国家利益永远是代表作决定的根本依据。

在危机出现后,经过讨论与磋商,就需要撰写指令文件来解决危机。

指令草案(Draft Directive)是安理会处理危机时候的一种文件类型。它和决议草案在格式和功能上都很相近,但是指令草案不需要序言性条款,要直接书写行动性条款。因为代表们要解决危机,所以指令草案的行动措施要立即、有效,避免包含长远规划和过于模糊的目标性条款。安理会指令草案的起草国和附议国总数要达到3个才能提交给主席团,并至少有10个国家表决赞同,所有常任理事国不反对才能通过。可以对指令草案提出修正案。

指令文件范例

Sample Draft Directive

Draft Directive

Committee:Security Council

Sponsors:China,France,Japan,Russia,UK,US

Signatories:Argentina,Congo,Greece,Peru,Slovakia,Qatar

The Security Council,

1.Demands that Sudan’s neighboring nations open borders to let Sudanese earthquake refugees in and provide shelters and medical helps under UN guidelines;

2.Demands that the Sudanese government ensure the safety of all UN personnel and equipments;

3.Further proclaims that the Sudanese government trace the organization/individuals responsible for the kidnap within five days;

4.Affirms that if the contents of the two previous clauses could not be accordingly carried out by the Sudanese government,the UN preserve its rights to take further action;

5.Demands that all these measures be carried out immediately。